Game Design Patterns ontology

If you would like to use the ontology for your research, please contact Barbara Giżycka.

Description

Ontology has only one class: GDP (Game Design Pattern). All patterns are instances of this class.

Following properties are used in ontology:

rdfs:label – name of the pattern
rdfs:comment – description of the pattern
:example – usage of the pattern taken from real game
:instantiated_by, :instantiates – relations between two patterns
:modulated_by, :modulates – relations between two patterns
:potentially_conflicting_with – relations between two patterns

List of patterns to check have to be specified in IN() clauses. It must be given twice (for `?subject` and for `?object`).

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
ASK {
    ?subject  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object .
    FILTER(?subject  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment) )
    FILTER(?object  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment) )
}

Result: *TRUE* *(= Yes, there are conflicts in given set)* To see actual conflicts, change `ASK` into `SELECT *`}

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
ASK {
    ?subject  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object .
    FILTER(?subject  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
    FILTER(?object  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
}

Result: *FALSE* *(= No, there are no conflicts in given set)*

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
ASK {
    {
        ?subject  gdp:instantiated_by  ?instantiated_by_object .
        ?instantiated_by_object  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object
    } UNION {  
        ?subject  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object
    }

    FILTER(?subject  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
    FILTER(?instantiated_by_object  NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
    FILTER(?object  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
}

Result: *TRUE* *(= Yes, there are conflicts in given set)*

Note: The query is looking for everything that is in the `instantiates` relationship. But for us enough is just one such thing for each of our patterns.

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
SELECT ?subject
WHERE {
    ?subject  gdp:instantiates  ?object.
    FILTER( ?object IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
    FILTER( ?subject NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
}
GROUP BY (?subject)

Note: as above…

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
SELECT ?subject
WHERE {
    ?subject  gdp:instantiated_by | gdp:modulated_by | gdp:modulates  ?object.
    FILTER( ?object IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
    FILTER( ?subject NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
}
GROUP BY (?subject)

Note: as above…

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
SELECT ?subject
WHERE {
    {
        ?subject  gdp:instantiated_by | gdp:modulated_by | gdp:modulates  ?object.
    } UNION {
        ?object  gdp:instantiates | gdp:modulated_by | gdp:modulates  ?subject.
    }
    FILTER( ?object IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
    FILTER( ?subject NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
}
GROUP BY (?subject)